Amoxicillin is an extended spectrum β-lactam antibiotic and is similar in structure to ampicillin.  Resistance to Amoxicillin is due to β-lactamase enzymes secreted by a resistant cell.

TOKU-E offers three forms of amoxicillin: amoxicillin trihydrate (A004), amoxicillin sodium salt (A059), and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium (A054). In aqueous solution, amoxicillin sodium is freely soluble (50 mg/mL) while amoxicillin is sparingly soluble (3.4 mg/mL).

Both forms have similar potencies and are suitable for microbiology use; however, amoxicillin sodium is easier to work with in aqueous solution. Clavulanate potassium (clavulanic acid) is a β-lactamase inhibitor which can irreversibly inactivate β-lactamase enzymes of β-lactam resistant microbes preventing them from breaking down β-lactam antibiotics. Amoxicillin can be combined with clavulanate potassium for greater efficacy against β-lactam resistant strains.

CAS Number

61336-70-7

Molecular Formula

C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S •3H₂O

Molecular Weight

419.45

Mechanism of Action

Like all β-lactams, amoxicillin targets PBP’s (penicillin binding proteins) involved in the final phase of peptidoglycan synthesis. PBP’s are enzymes which catalyze a pentaglycine crosslink between alanine and lysine residues. Without a pentaglycine crosslink, the integrity of the cell wall is severely compromised ultimately leading to the death of the cell.

Storage Conditions

2-8°C

Tariff Code

2941.10.5000

Spectrum

Amoxicillin targets a wide range of β-lactamase negative Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria including E. coli and a number of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus species. Interestingly, amoxicillin has been found to be effective against certain β-lactam sensitive VRE or vancomycin resistant Enterococcus; a glycopeptide antibiotic resistant "superbug."

Specifications: