Amoxicillinisanextendedspectrumβ-lactamantibioticandissimilarinstructuretoampicillin.Resistancetoamoxicillincanbeattributedtoβ-lactamaseenzymessecretedbyaresistantcell.
TOKU-Eoffersthreeformsofamoxicillin:amoxicillin(A004),amoxicillinsodiumsalt(A059),andamoxicillin/clavulanatepotassium(A054).Inaqueoussolution,amoxicillinsodiumisfreelysoluble(50mg/mL)whileamoxicillinissparinglysoluble(3.4mg/mL).BothformshavesimilarpotenciesandaresuitableformicroBIOLOGyuse;however,amoxicillinsodiumiseasiertoworkwithinaqueoussolution.Clavulanatepotassium(clavulanicacid)isaβ-lactamaseinhibitorwhichcanirreversIBLyinactivateβ-lactamaseenzymesofβ-lactamresistantmicrobespreventingthemfrombreakingdownβ-lactamantibiotics.Amoxicillincanbecombinedwithclavulanatepotassiumforgreaterefficacyagainstβ-lactamresistantstrains.
34642-77-8
C16H18N3NaO5S
387.39
Likeallβ-lactams,amoxicillintargetsPBP’s(penicillinbindingproteins)involvedinthefinalphaseofpeptidoglycansynthesis.PBP’sareenzymeswhichcatalyzeapentaglycinecrosslinkbetweenalanineandlysineresidues.Withoutapentaglycinecrosslink,theintegrityofthecellwallisseverelycompromisedultimatelyleADIngtothedeathofthecell.
2-8°C
2941.10.5000
Amoxicillintargetsawiderangeofβ-lactamasenegativegrampositiveandgramnegativebacteriaincludingE.coliandanumberofStreptococcusandStaphylococcusspecies.Becausepeptidoglycanissynthesizedingrampositiveandgramnegativebacteria,amoxicillincanbeusedagainstawidevarietyofmicrobes.
Powder
Whiteoralmostwhitecrystallinepowder
Semi-synthetic
≤3.0%
8.0-10.0
+240°to+290°
(DriedBasis):≥80.0%
RelatedSubstances
Amoxicillindimer:≤3.0%
Anyimpurity:≤3.0%
Sumofimpurities:≤9.0%
2-Ethylhexanoicacid:≤1.0%
Ethanol:Notmorethan0.5%
Methylacetate:Notmorethan0.5%
