SpectinomycindihydrochloridepentahydrateisanaminocyclitolantibioticthatisisolatedfromStreptomycesspectABIlis.SpectinomycinwasdiscoveredinculturebrothbyresearchersattheUpjohncompanyin1961.Spectinomycindihydrochloridepentahydrateshowsactivityagainstgram-positive,gram-negativebacteria,andMycoplasma.

Spectinomycindihydrochloridepentahydrateisaproteinsynthesisinhibitor.Itactsbyinhibitingproteinsynthesisandelongationbybindingtothebacterial30SribosomalsubunitandinterferingwithpeptidyltRNAtranslocation.Thiseventuallyleadstobacterialcelldeath.

SpectinomyciniscommonlyusedasaselectiveagenttoisolatecellsthatcontainaadAspectinomycinresistancegenes.ItalsohasvarioususesinplantBIOLOGyapplications.

TOKU-Eofferstwoformsofspectinomycin:Spectinomycindihydrochloridepentahydrate(S006)andspectinomycinsulfate(S016).Inaqueoussolution,spectinomycinDiHClisfreelysoluble,andspectinomycinsulfateissparinglysoluble(0.150mg/mL).

CASNumber

22189-32-8

MolecularFormula

C₁₄H₂₄N₂O₇•2HCl•5H₂O

MolecularWeight

495.35

MechanismofAction

Theaminocyclitolantibioticspectinomycin,oftenconsideredalongsidetheaminoglycosides,bindsinreversIBLefashion(hencethebacteriostaticactivity)tothe16SrRNAoftheribosomal30Ssubunit.ThereitinterruptsthetranslocationeventthatoccursasthenextcodonofmRNAisalignedwiththeAsiteinreADInessfortheincomingaminoacyl-tRNA.Structuralstudiesrevealthattheantibioticbindstoanareaofthe30Ssubunitknownastheheadregionwhichneedstomoveduringtranslocation.Bindingoftherigidspectinomycinmoleculeappearstopreventthemovementrequiredfortranslocation.

StorageConditions

2-8°C

TariffCode

2941.90.5000

Spectrum

Spectinomycindihydrochloridepentahydrateisanantibioticthatisactiveagainstavarietyofaerobicgram-negativeandgram-positiveorganismsaswellasMycoplasmaspecies.Spectinomycinisusedclinically,primarilyforitsactivityagainstgram-negativeorganisms;somegram-positiveorganismsmayalsobesusceptibletothisagent.Anaerobicorganismsaregenerallyresistant.Spectinomycinisusuallybacteriostaticattherapeuticdoses.